ГДЗ по английскому языку 10 класс Афанасьева Spotlight Базовый уровень страница - 66

### Итоговый ответ #### 1 a. Discussion of the quotation and message * **Message & Quotation connection:** The picture and quotation highlight the idea that people often take vital natural resources (like clean water) for granted and do not appreciate their value until they are depleted or gone. We must protect our environment before facing a severe crisis. --- #### 1 b. Matching actions with consequences & mini-dialogues * **1 — b:** Cutting down trees provides people with wood and paper and space for new roads and buildings. $\rightarrow$ **It destroys wildlife habitats & increases the amount of pollutants in the air.** * **2 — c:** Genetically modified (GM) crops improve the quality of food. $\rightarrow$ **They may have negative effects on the environment.** * **3 — a:** Power stations provide electricity for our modern lifestyles. $\rightarrow$ **They increase $\text{CO}_2$ emissions, which cause global warming & climate change.** * **4 — d:** Modern transport (e.g. cars, planes) saves us time & effort. $\rightarrow$ **It congests and pollutes our towns/cities.** **Sample discussions:** * **A:** *Power stations provide electricity for our modern lifestyles.* **B:** *Yes, but they increase $\text{CO}_2$ emissions, which cause global warming & climate change.* * **A:** *Modern transport saves us time and effort.* **B:** *That's true, but it congests and pollutes our towns and cities.* --- #### 2. Everyday English: Expressing concern / hope * **Exchange 1:** **A:** *Did you know that sea levels could rise by 100 cm in the next 100 years?* **B:** *That's really shocking!* **A:** *Well, maybe we can do something before it's too late.* * **Exchange 2:** **A:** *I read somewhere recently that about 60 acres of rainforest are lost every minute.* **B:** *That's totally irresponsible! It doesn't bear thinking about!* **A:** *Maybe all is not lost. There's still hope.* * **Exchange 3:** **A:** *They say that UK winters could become 30% wetter by 2100.* **B:** *That's terrible!* **A:** *Well, maybe we can do something before it's too late.* --- #### 3 a. Prediction * The dialogue is about **adopting an animal at a zoo to help fund its care and support wildlife conservation programmes.** --- #### 3 b. Comprehension questions & Words in bold **Answers to questions:** 1. **What do you do when you adopt an animal?** *You choose an animal you like at the zoo and donate money every month to help pay for its needs (food, cleaning its enclosure, etc.).* 2. **In what ways does your support help the zoo?** *It helps pay for the animal's food and the maintenance of its enclosure, and part of the money goes towards the zoo's conservation programmes to help endangered species.* 3. **What do you get when you adopt an animal?** *You get an adoption certificate and a ticket to visit your animal at the zoo any time you like.* **Explanation of words in bold:** * **adopted** — took on the responsibility of supporting/caring for an animal (опекал/взял под опеку). * **donate** — to give money or goods to help an organization or cause (жертвовать). * **enclosure** — an area surrounded by a fence where zoo animals are kept (вольер, огражденная территория). * **conservation programmes** — organized plans to protect and preserve wildlife and nature (программы по сохранению природы/видов). * **endangered species** — animals or plants that are in danger of becoming extinct (исчезающие виды). * **natural habitats** — the natural environments in which animals or plants usually live (естественная среда обитания). * **adoption certificate** — an official document confirming the adoption/sponsorship of an animal (сертификат об опеке). --- ### Подробное объяснение 1. **Ex. 1a:** Цитата историка Томаса Фуллера «*We never know the worth of water till the well is dry*» (Мы не знаем ценность воды, пока не высохнет колодец) учит бережному отношению к ресурсам. Человек осознает ценность природы только тогда, когда ресурсы истощаются. 2. **Ex. 1b:** Каждое удобство цивилизации (плюс) влечет экологические последствия (минус): - Вырубка лесов разрушает экосистемы животных (`1-b`). - ГМ-культуры могут нарушить природный баланс (`2-c`). - Электростанции выбрасывают парниковые газы (`3-a`). - Транспорт создает пробки и загрязнение (`4-d`). 3. **Ex. 2:** Для построения мини-диалогов соблюдается структура: - *Ввод факта:* `Did you know that...` / `I read somewhere recently that...` - *Реакция (беспокойство):* `That's really shocking!` / `That's totally irresponsible!` - *Надежда на решение:* `Well, maybe we can do something before it's too late.` / `Maybe all is not lost.` 4. **Ex. 3a–3b:** В диалоге обсуждается механизм символического «усыновления» (*animal adoption*) — благотворительной программы зоопарка, где человек ежемесячно жертвует сумму на содержание конкретного животного и получает за это именной сертификат и право бесплатного посещения.