ГДЗ по английскому языку 8 класс Баранова Starlight Углубленный уровень страница - 18

### Итоговый ответ #### 1 a) Classification of Disasters * **Natural disasters (Природные катастрофы):** earthquake (*землетрясение*), tsunami (*цунами*), flood (*наводнение*), drought (*засуха*), volcanic eruption (*извержение вулкана*), avalanche (*лавина*), landslide (*оползень*), hurricane / freak storm (*ураган / внезапный шторм*), tornado (*торнадо*). * **Influenced by man / Man-made (Антропогенные / связанные с деятельностью человека):** train crash (*крушение поезда*), plane crash (*авиакатастрофа*), car crash (*автокатастрофа*), oil spill (*разлив нефти*), factory explosion (*взрыв на фабрике*), forest fire / wildfire (*лесной пожар, часто вызванный человеком*). * **Disasters in the pictures:** * **Picture 1:** Flood (*наводнение*); * **Picture 2:** Train crash / Plane crash (*крушение поезда / крушение самолёта*); * **Picture 3:** Avalanche / Landslide (*лавина / оползень*); * **Picture 4:** Forest fire / Factory explosion (*лесной пожар / взрыв на фабрике*). --- #### 1 b) Matching Headlines to Disasters & Key Words * **Headline A $\rightarrow$ Flood:** *Key words:* heavy rainfall, overflowing river, underwater, submerged. * **Headline B $\rightarrow$ Train crash:** *Key words:* derailed, carriages, tracks, collision. * **Headline C $\rightarrow$ Avalanche:** *Key words:* skiers trapped, snow swept down, mountain slope. * **Headline D $\rightarrow$ Oil spill:** *Key words:* tanker, slick, ocean pollution, coastline. * **Headline E $\rightarrow$ Earthquake:** *Key words:* tremor, magnitude, rubble, collapsed buildings. * **Headline F $\rightarrow$ Forest fire / Wildfire:** *Key words:* flames, dry conditions, firefighters, blaze spreading. * **Headline G $\rightarrow$ Drought:** *Key words:* no rain for months, crops destroyed, water shortage. * **Headline H $\rightarrow$ Landslide:** *Key words:* mud, hillside, blocked road, heavy rain. --- #### 2 a) Matching Descriptions to Disasters * **Description A $\rightarrow$ Flood** (*Picture 1*) * **Description B $\rightarrow$ Train crash** (*Picture 2*) * **Description C $\rightarrow$ Avalanche** (*Picture 3*) * **Description D $\rightarrow$ Forest fire** (*Picture 4*) --- #### 2 b) Picture Description (Picture 1: Flood) > *In this picture, I can see a terrible flood in a residential area. The water level has risen so high that the streets have turned into rivers. Houses are partially submerged, and people are using small rescue boats to move around and evacuate their belongings. The sky looks gloomy and grey, indicating that heavy rain has just stopped. The scene looks devastating and chaotic.* --- #### 3 Speaking: Giving bad news & reacting (Диалоги) **1.** * **A:** *Did you see the news about the terrible flood in the south?* * **B:** *Oh no! That's awful! Were many homes destroyed?* **2.** * **A:** *Have you heard? A huge avalanche trapped several skiers in the mountains!* * **B:** *Really? How horrible! I hope the rescue teams find them in time.* **3.** * **A:** *Look at this! An oil tanker leaked thousands of tons of oil near the coast.* * **B:** *That's so sad! It will take years to clean up the marine environment.* **4.** * **A:** *Guess what happened! A massive forest fire broke out near the national park yesterday.* * **B:** *I don't believe it! The poor animals and trees!* --- #### 4 Listening: Matching Dialogues with Events | Dialogue | A | B | C | D | | :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | | **Event** | **3** (avalanche) | **5** (flood) | **1** (landslide) | **4** (freak storm) | *(Extra event: **2** tsunami)* --- #### 5 TV News Report > **Anchor:** *"Good evening. This is Channel 5 News, reporting live from Southern Spain on Monday, October 14th.* > > *A devastating flash flood hit the coastal region early yesterday morning following hours of torrential rain. The local river burst its banks, sweeping away cars and flooding hundreds of ground-floor apartments. Over three hundred residents had to be evacuated by emergency services using helicopters and life rafts.* > > *Fortunately, no fatalities have been reported, but power lines are down and many roads remain blocked. Authorities are advising everyone to stay indoors while rescue operations continue. We will keep you updated as more information comes in."* --- ### Пояснение к выполнению заданий 1. **Разделение катастроф (Ex. 1a):** * **Natural (природные):** происходят из-за природных процессов Земли и климата без прямого вмешательства человека (смещение тектонических плит, циклоны, засуха). * **Influenced by man (вызванные человеком):** техногенные аварии (крушения транспорта, взрывы на заводах, разливы химикатов) или пожары, вызванные халатностью. 2. **Работа с заголовками (Ex. 1b):** * В газетных заголовках часто опускаются артикли и вспомогательные глаголы. Для соотнесения нужно обращать внимание на ключевые существительные (*derailed* $\rightarrow$ поезд, *spill* $\rightarrow$ жидкость/нефть, *tremor* $\rightarrow$ толчок/землетрясение). 3. **Речевые клише (Ex. 3):** * Для сообщения плохой новости используется время **Present Perfect** (*There's been...*, *What's happened...*), так как новость связана с настоящим моментом. * Для реакции используются оценочные прилагательные (*awful, horrible, depressing, terrible*). 4. **Структура репортажа новостей (Ex. 5):** * **Place & Date:** Введение с указанием точного места и даты. * **Event:** Краткое объявление самого события (*A flash flood hit...*). * **Details:** Подробности (причина, последствия, работа спасателей, рекомендации жителям).