ГДЗ по английскому языку 8 класс Баранова Starlight Углубленный уровень страница - 17

### Ответы к заданиям --- ### Ex. 3. Matching sentences to gaps **1 — A** **2 — F** **3 — E** **4 — B** **5 — C** *(Extra sentence / Лишнее предложение: **D**)* --- ### Ex. 4. Vocabulary Match * **holding on tightly** — clinging *(или clutching)* * **panicked & frightened** — terrified * **broken into small pieces** — shattered * **started** — triggered * **incomplete** — partial * **unable to leave** — stranded * **pieces of bricks, stones & other materials** — rubble * **very wet** — drenched * **violently threw** — hurled --- ### Ex. 5. Quantifiers **a)** 1. **not any** — C / U, **few** — C, **many** — C, **a few** — C, **most** — C / U 2. **not many** — C, **some** — C / U, **a lot of** — C / U, **too many** — C 3. **little** — U, **too much** — U, **very little** — U 4. **not much** — U, **lots of** — C / U, **a little** — U **b)** 1. Were there **any** aftershocks after the earthquake? 2. Rescue workers found very **few** survivors in the rubble. 3. **A lot of** people lost loved ones in the earthquake. 4. There was only **a little** water left. 5. **Most** people in the town didn't have **any** electricity after the earthquake. 6. There wasn't **much** hope of finding **any** survivors in the burning building. --- ### Ex. 6. Eliminating impossible phrases 1. **Невозможно:** **a number of** *(rain — неисчисляемое; a number of используется только с исчисляемыми существительными во мн. ч.)* 2. **Невозможно:** **a little** *(survival stories — исчисляемое во мн. ч.; a little используется только с неисчисляемыми)* 3. **Невозможно:** **any** *(any не используется в стандартных утвердительных предложениях в значении «никаких/мало»)* 4. **Невозможно:** **Much** *(nuclear power plants — исчисляемое во мн. ч.; much используется с неисчисляемыми)* 5. **Невозможно:** **Every** *(конструкции «every of them» не существует; используется each of them / every one of them)* **Классификация квантификаторов:** * **Countable only (только исчисляемые):** *a number of, quite a few, several, a couple of, few, many, each of, every.* * **Uncountable only (только неисчисляемые):** *a large amount of, a great deal of, a little, little, much, too much.* * **Both (и исчисляемые, и неисчисляемые):** *plenty of, quite a lot of, a lot of, no, hardly any, all of, some, any, most.* --- ### Ex. 7. Determiners & Pronouns 1. **Neither** Anna nor Steve were in Japan when the earthquake struck. 2. Sadly, **both** the tsunami and the earthquake caused terrible damage. 3. **The whole of** the world was shocked. 4. **Either** we leave now or wait until they come. 5. Lots of people were in the building when the fire broke out, but fortunately **none** of them got hurt. --- ### Ex. 8. Types of Questions **Исходное предложение:** *In the days before the main earthquake, Japan had experienced quite a few foreshocks.* 1. **General question (Общий):** *Had Japan experienced quite a few foreshocks in the days before the main earthquake?* 2. **Alternative question (Альтернативный):** *Had Japan experienced quite a few foreshocks or aftershocks in the days before the main earthquake?* 3. **Disjunctive / Tag question (Разделительный):** *In the days before the main earthquake, Japan had experienced quite a few foreshocks, hadn't it?* 4. **Special questions (Специальные):** * **When** *had Japan experienced quite a few foreshocks?* * **What** *had Japan experienced in the days before the main earthquake?* * **How many** *foreshocks had Japan experienced in the days before the main earthquake?* * **Which country** *had experienced quite a few foreshocks before the earthquake?* --- ### Ex. 9. Speaking & Writing (Sample Answer) On the day of the earthquake in March 2011, I was in a high-rise office building in Tokyo. Suddenly, the entire floor began to shake violently. I heard deafening rumbling noises, screaming people, and the sound of breaking glass. Looking out of the window, I saw skyscrapers swaying like trees in the wind. I was absolutely terrified and panicked, clinging to my desk for safety. Later, when the tsunami struck the northeast coast, the news left us in total shock and deep sorrow for the victims. --- ### Ex. 10. Presentation / Awareness (Sample Idea) **Poster idea:** Draw or display a collage showing the rebuild and recovery of Japan: a broken clock stopped at 2:46 PM alongside origami cranes (symbols of peace and hope) and Japanese flags. **Speech:** *"This poster is dedicated to the victims of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. It shows that even after the most devastating natural disasters, human solidarity, courage, and hope help people rebuild their lives from the rubble."* --- ### Пояснения к грамматике и правилам 1. **Quantifiers (Ex. 5, 6):** * **Countable (C)** — предметы, которые можно сосчитать: используются слова *many, (a) few, several, a number of, a couple of*. * **Uncountable (U)** — вещества, абстрактные понятия: используются слова *much, (a) little, a great deal of, a large amount of*. * **Some vs. Any:** *some* используется в утвердительных предложениях и просьбах; *any* — в отрицаниях (*didn't have any*) и общих вопросах (*Were there any...?*). * **Few / Little** означают «мало, недостаточно» (отрицательный оттенок), а **A few / A little** — «немного, но достаточно» (положительный оттенок). 2. **Союзы (Ex. 7):** * **Neither ... nor** — «ни ... ни» (для отрицания обоих вариантов). * **Both ... and** — «и ... и / оба» (объединяет два объекта). * **Either ... or** — «или ... или / либо ... либо» (выбор из двух вариантов). * **The whole of** — «весь / всё целиком» (употребляется перед существительными с определенным артиклем или именами собственными: *the whole of the world*). * **None of** — «ни один из» (когда речь идет о группе из трех и более человек/предметов). 3. **Вопросительные предложения (Ex. 8):** * Предложение стоит во времени **Past Perfect** (*had experienced*). Вспомогательный глагол для построения вопросов — **had**. * В разделительном вопросе (Tag question) утвердительная часть требует отрицательного «хвостика»: *hadn't it?* (местоимение *it* заменяет название страны *Japan*).