ГДЗ по английскому языку 10 класс Афанасьева Spotlight Базовый уровень страница - 53

### Итоговые ответы #### 3 a. Заполнение пропусков в тексте (A–F) * **A — 5** (*and never came back.*) * **B — 7** (*looking at him as though he was departing on a long journey.*) * **C — 3** (*and carrying a satchel on his back.*) * **D — 2** (*she returned home quietly, content, peaceful and overflowing with love.*) * **E — 1** (*repeating exactly what Sasha said about them.*) * **F — 6** (*she stayed a long time making the sign of the cross over him, muttering a prayer.*) *(Лишний фрагмент: **4**)* --- #### 4 a. Сопоставление слов с их значениями * **rather fat** $\rightarrow$ **stout** (дородная, полная) * **deeply** $\rightarrow$ **profoundly** (глубоко) * **set up, organised** $\rightarrow$ **fixed up** (обустроила, наладила) * **pushed quickly and carelessly** $\rightarrow$ **shoved** (сунула, пихнула) * **hard** $\rightarrow$ **difficult** (трудный, сложный) * **awakened** $\rightarrow$ **aroused** (пробудились) * **left alone for a long time** $\rightarrow$ **abandoned** (заброшенный, покинутый) --- #### 4 b. Объяснение слов и примеры предложений 1. **Satchel** — a small bag with a long strap, used especially by school children for carrying books. *Example:* He put his notebooks into the leather **satchel** and left for school. 2. **Ashamed** — feeling guilty, embarrassed, or uncomfortable because of something. *Example:* The boy was **ashamed** of his poor test results. 3. **Dimples** — small natural hollows that appear on the cheeks when smiling. *Example:* She smiled warmly, showing two cute **dimples** on her cheeks. 4. **Beamed** — smiled broadly and happily with joy radiating from the face. *Example:* The mother **beamed** with pride when her son received his diploma. 5. **Learn by heart** — to memorize something completely so that it can be repeated from memory. *Example:* We were asked to **learn** the poem **by heart** for the next class. 6. **Muttering** — speaking in a low, quiet, and barely audible voice. *Example:* He walked away, **muttering** complaints under his breath. 7. **Misty** — vague, indistinct, or unclear (like seen through mist). *Example:* She had only a **misty** memory of her early childhood. --- #### 5. Диаграмма чувств и эмоций (Sasha vs Olenka) | Sasha | Olenka | | :--- | :--- | | • **irritation**
• **annoyance**
• **embarrassment**
• **sorrow** | • **sympathy**
• **affection**
• **happiness/joy**
• **responsibility**
• **dedication**
• **peacefulness**
• **sorrow** | **Обоснование (Reasons):** * **Sasha** feels *irritation* and *annoyance* because he is sleepy and Olenka is overly attentive (*"Oh, leave me alone, please"*). He feels *embarrassment* because he is ashamed of being followed to school by a stout woman. He also feels *sorrow* over his difficult homework. * **Olenka** feels deep *affection*, *dedication*, and *responsibility* for Sasha, treating him as her own child. She experiences *peacefulness* and *happiness/joy* seeing him grow and caring for him. She also feels *sympathy* and *sorrow* when waking him up early or seeing him struggle with school tasks. --- #### 6. Описание иллюстрации к тексту * **Ответ:** Рисунок лучше всего описывает **фрагмент с абзацами 6–9** (*"Then he went down the street to the school, a little fellow wearing a large cap... She stopped and stared at him until he had disappeared through the school entrance."*), где Саша с ранцем и в большой фуражке идёт в школу, а Оленька тихонько идёт следом, окликает его, чтобы угостить сладостью, и с любовью смотрит ему вслед. --- #### 7. Portfolio: Диалог **Sasha:** Aunt Olenka, I need to tell you something important. **Olenka:** What is it, Sashenka? Is everything all right at school? **Sasha:** It's not about school. Mother wrote to me from Kharkov. I really miss her, and I think I want to go and live with her there. **Olenka:** *(gasps, holding back tears)* To Kharkov? But darling, what about your gymnasium? What about your studies, your future? Who will take care of you there? **Sasha:** There are good schools in Kharkov too, aunt. I am grown up enough now. Please, don't be upset. **Olenka:** *(wiping a tear)* Oh, Sashenka, my heart will break without you! But if it is truly what is best for you and your mother wants it, I will not stand in your way. I only want you to be happy. --- ### Разбор и объяснение 1. **Задание 3a:** * **A (5):** Логическое завершение фразы об отъезде матери Саши в Харьков — *and never came back* («и больше не вернулась»). * **B (7):** Деепричастный оборот *looking at him as though he was departing on a long journey* дополняет глагол речи *said Olenka*. * **C (3):** Описание внешнего вида Саши: мальчик в большой фуражке *and carrying a satchel on his back* («и с ранцем за спиной»). * **D (2):** Главное предложение после придаточного времени *When she had seen Sasha off...* — *she returned home quietly, content, peaceful...* * **E (1):** Оборот *repeating exactly what Sasha said about them* грамматически и по смыслу примыкает к разговорам об учителях и учебниках. * **F (6):** Дополнение действия укладывания в постель — *she stayed a long time making the sign of the cross over him...* 2. **Задание 5:** Разделение эмоций строится на контрасте психологических портретов: независимый мальчик-подросток, стремящийся к самостоятельности (раздражение, смущение от чрезмерной опеки), и любящая женщина, вся жизнь которой наполнена заботой, преданностью и материнским теплом.