ГДЗ по английскому языку 10 класс Афанасьева Spotlight Базовый уровень страница - 33

### Итоговые ответы --- #### Writing 10 (Пример письма и ответа) **Letter to Claire (Письмо Клэр):** > Dear Claire, > I am writing to ask for your advice because I have a problem. I find it difficult to manage my time between studying and doing sports. I enjoy playing basketball, but I also need to prepare for my exams. My parents expect me to get top marks, so I avoid hanging out with friends. I don't know what to do. Could you give me some advice? > Best wishes, > Alex **Claire’s Reply (Ответ Клэр):** > Dear Alex, > Thanks for your letter. It is normal to feel stressed when you have a lot of commitments. I suggest making a daily schedule to plan your study sessions and training. You shouldn't stop doing what you love, but it is important to take breaks and relax. Try talking to your parents and explaining your situation. I'm sure they will understand. > Hope this helps, > Claire --- #### Word formation 5 **a) Заполнение пропусков в объявлении:** 1. **action** 2. **competition** 3. **excitement** 4. **selection** 5. **accommodation** **b) Образование существительных и примеры предложений:** 1. **amaze** $\rightarrow$ **amazement** (*John looked at Tim in amazement.*) 2. **educate** $\rightarrow$ **education** (*A good education is essential for a successful career.*) 3. **collect** $\rightarrow$ **collection** (*My brother has an impressive coin collection.*) 4. **depend** $\rightarrow$ **dependence** (*She is trying to reduce her dependence on caffeine.*) 5. **achieve** $\rightarrow$ **achievement** (*Winning the competition was a great achievement for our team.*) 6. **suggest** $\rightarrow$ **suggestion** (*Thank you for your helpful suggestion.*) 7. **recover** $\rightarrow$ **recovery** (*The doctor expects a full recovery within two weeks.*) 8. **agree** $\rightarrow$ **agreement** (*The two sides finally signed an agreement.*) --- #### Phrasal verbs 6 1. He'll **take over** the company when his father retires. 2. I want to **take up** tennis. Do you know where I can have lessons? 3. We're going to **take** you **out** for your birthday, Dave! 4. She **takes after** her father. She looks and acts just like him. 5. **Take off** your shirt and I'll wash it for you. 6. Now that you've lost weight, you should **take in** your clothes. --- #### Dependent prepositions 7 1. He's crazy **about** skydiving. 2. He was brilliant **at** football. 3. Tom is interested **in** gardening. 4. She is terrible **at** cooking. She burns everything. 5. My mother is fond **of** knitting. 6. Jim is keen **on** snowboarding. 7. Pam's father is proud **of** her achievements. **Sentences about yourself (Предложения о себе):** 1. I'm crazy **about** travelling to new places. 2. I am brilliant **at** solving maths problems. 3. I am interested **in** learning foreign languages. 4. I am terrible **at** singing. 5. I am fond **of** reading fantasy novels. 6. I am keen **on** playing computer games. 7. My parents are proud **of** my good marks at school. --- #### Words often confused 8 1. Have you got the money you **owe** me? *Предложение с другим словом:* How much did they **charge** you for the bike repair? 2. Hello. I'd like to **change** this into pounds, please. *(в значении разменять/обменять валюту)* *Предложение с другим словом:* Can I **exchange** this sweater for a smaller size? 3. I'm **broke**. I have no money at all. *Предложение с другим словом:* He worked hard to pay off all his **debts**. 4. Doctors' **salaries** are usually really high. *Предложение с другим словом:* The workers receive their **wages** every Friday. --- #### Key word transformations 9 1. Tom **is crazy about** football. 2. We **can't afford to go** *(или: **cannot afford to go**)* out tonight. 3. I **would rather go out than** stay in. *(или: **'d rather go out than**)* 4. She's **not keen on going** to the theatre. 5. He is **looking forward to seeing** the new action film. --- ### Объяснения и правила 1. **Word formation (Суффиксы абстрактных существительных):** * `-tion` / `-ion`: *act $\rightarrow$ action*, *compete $\rightarrow$ competition*, *select $\rightarrow$ selection*, *educate $\rightarrow$ education*, *collect $\rightarrow$ collection*, *suggest $\rightarrow$ suggestion*. * `-ment`: *excite $\rightarrow$ excitement*, *amaze $\rightarrow$ amazement*, *achieve $\rightarrow$ achievement*, *agree $\rightarrow$ agreement*. * `-ation`: *accommodate $\rightarrow$ accommodation*. * `-ence`: *depend $\rightarrow$ dependence*. * `-y`: *recover $\rightarrow$ recovery*. 2. **Phrasal verbs (Фразовый глагол *take*):** * **take over** — возглавить, взять под контроль. * **take up** — начать заниматься (хобби, спортом). * **take sb out** — пригласить и угостить кого-то (в кафе, ресторан). * **take after sb** — быть похожим на кого-то из родственников (внешне или поведением). * **take off** — снять одежду. * **take in** — ушить одежду (сделать меньше по размеру). 3. **Dependent prepositions (Устойчивые сочетания с предлогами):** * *crazy about* — без ума от чего-либо. * *brilliant at / terrible at* — блестяще / ужасно справляющийся с чем-либо (с навыками используется предлог *at*). * *interested in* — интересующийся чем-либо. * *fond of* — любящий что-либо. * *keen on* — увлекающийся чем-либо. * *proud of* — гордящийся чем-либо. 4. **Words often confused (Различение значений слов):** * **owe** — быть должным (деньги), **charge** — взимать плату. * **change** (into) — менять одну валюту на другую; **exchange** (for) — обменивать один предмет на другой. * **broke** (прилагательное) — на мели, без денег; **debt** (существительное) — долг. * **salary** — фиксированный месячный/годовой оклад (для специалистов); **wages** — почасовая или недельная сдельная оплата труда рабочих. 5. **Key word transformations (Грамматические трансформации):** * *All Tom thinks about...* $\rightarrow$ устойчивое выражение **be crazy about** (быть помешанным на чем-то). * *not have enough money to do sth* $\rightarrow$ **can't afford to do sth** (не мочь позволить себе по деньгам + инфинитив с *to*). * *prefer doing X to doing Y* $\rightarrow$ конструкция **would rather do X than do Y** (с голым инфинитивом). * *not really like doing sth* $\rightarrow$ устойчивое выражение **not be keen on doing sth** (предлог *on* + герундий *-ing*). * *can't wait to do sth* $\rightarrow$ фразовое выражение **look forward to doing sth** (предлог *to* + герундий *-ing*).