ГДЗ по английскому языку 9 класс Ваулина, Дули, Подоляко, Эванс - ответ страница 58
Авторы: Ваулина Ю.Е., Дули Д., Подоляко О.Е., Эванс В.
Серия: Spotlight
Тип книги: Учебник
Год: 2015-2026
Премиум
4a Reading & Vocabulary
1. Read Isaac Asimov's Laws of Robotics below and look at the pictures. How do you think they are related to the text?
1 A robot may not injure a human being or through inaction allow a human being to come to harm.
2 A robot must obey orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
3 A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Laws.
2. Which of the following do you think robots can do? Decide in pairs.
• do the ironing
• cook dinner
• walk the dog
• climb stairs
• vacuum the carpets
• mow the lawn
• talk «run
• think
• make decisions
3. Which of the following do you think robots possess/show? Decide in pairs. Read and check.
•intelligence • reasoning • mobility • consciousness • creativity • accuracy
Reading
4. Read the text. Decide which of the statements 1-8 are T (True), F (False) or A/S (Not Stated).
1 Jules Verne and Isaac Asimov wrote similar kinds of books.
2 Household robots can now take care of pets.
3 Some robots do a number of different chores.
4 Now robots can think for themselves.
5 Scientists don't agree on how the human brain works.
6 ASIMO is able to get around easily.
7 Robots use a common language to understand each other.
8 Nobody knows how long it will be before we have household robots.
Where Are The Robots?
Science fiction writers, including Jules Verne and Isaac Asimov, wrote about rockets to the moon, nuclear power, the Internet and robots. All of these things are now a reality: that is of course, except for the robots. So where are these household robots we were promised? Where are our robot helpers to do the ironing, cook dinner, walk the dog, clean the house and so on?
It is true that we have already got some robots which can perform a single task such as vacuuming the carpets or mowing the lawn, but what about the human-like companions we were promised that can walk, talk and cater for all our needs? Perhaps it is much more difficult in practice than in theory to build such a robot.
The truth is that for such a robot to exist it must be able to think and scientists simply don’t know how to give robots this ability. They don’t have the knowledge to give a robot intelligence or the power of reasoning. Worse still, it seems that they may never work it out.
Researchers say that the best way to overcome this problem is to study the human brain and try and create an artificial brain that copies its functions.
Nevertheless, scientists have already overcome other problems such as mobility. For example, Honda’s ASIMO robot can walk, run and climb stairs without any problems. Also, robots can now look more human thanks to roboticist David Hanson’s invention of a skin covering called Frubber which has been used on robots such as Repliee Q2. Language may be another obstacle as robots have to be able to understand figurative speech such as idioms, as well as gestures and emotional responses.
All in all, experts are divided as to when robot assistants may become a reality. Some say five years, others say fifty. Who knows - soon household robots may be as common as home computers.
Vocabulary
5. Complete with: built, overcome, divided, become, perform, cater, exist.
1 One day, robots in our homes will ..... a reality.
2 Today, we have robots that are able to ..... one task only.
3 Scientists have not yet ..... the problem of how to make a robot think.
4 Experts are ..... as to when we will all have robot assistants.
5 It would be great to have a robot to ..... for all our needs.
6 Honda ..... a robot called ASIMO that can climb stairs.
7 Robots that can think like humans do not ..... yet.
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