Что такое цивилизация?

1. A society that has developed systems of writing, law, government, and art can be called a civilization. 2. Besides those in the text, I know about the Mayan, Incan, and Persian civilizations. 3. Great inventions made in the ancient Near East include the wheel, writing (cuneiform), and irrigation systems. 4. Ancient Egypt is called the "land of wonders" because of its impressive monuments and advanced culture. 5. We can see a lot of these wonders today because they have been preserved over thousands of years. 6. People in Ancient Egypt were especially skilled at mathematics, engineering, and medicine. 7. The Nile was so important for the country because it provided water for irrigation and transportation. 8. A city-state in Ancient Greece was a city that acted as an independent country, with its own government and laws. 9. Yes, there were Greek city-states on the Black Sea coast, such as Olbia and Chersonesus. 10. Ancient political, artistic, and philosophical ideas influenced Western civilization by providing foundations for democracy, art, and philosophy. Examples include Greek democracy, Roman law, and Greek philosophy. 11. Other myths I remember include those of Pandora's Box and the Minotaur. The names of Prometheus and Hercules remind me of courage and strength. 12. I know that the Trojan War was a conflict between the Greeks and the city of Troy, and the Wooden Horse of Troy was a trick used by the Greeks to enter the city. 13. Homer described the Trojan War in his epic poems, the "Iliad" and the "Odyssey". 14. Ancient Romans expanded their power into parts of Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East.